Was there ever a female-dominant type of culture that the Amazons are based off of?
A definitive maybe to that. Adrienne Mayor proposed the very plausible explanation that the Amazons were based off of Scythian warrior women in the book The Amazons. Approximately one-third of all Scythian women whose burial mounds were unearthed were found to have been buried with weapons and war wounds. So we know that there was a society around at the same time as the Ancient Greeks with warrior women, and Mayor's theory is that encounters with the Scythian warrior women is what inspired legends of the Amazons.