My friend represented Taiwan in our Model UN delegation to a nearby city, and mentioned that in addition to being replaced in the UNSC by the People's Republic of China, that Taiwan/Republic of China was also removed from the UN as a whole.
This seems incredibly harsh/unlikely to me, so I did a very quick hunt around to see if it happened. A wikipedia article says something very similar to what my friend said, while a map I found of the UN member-states shows Taiwan as one. So was Taiwan expelled, even temporarily, from any of the UN organizations/committees outside of the UNSC, as a result of the same resolution which caused its replacement in the UNSC?
Taiwan was never a member of the UN: China was a member of the UN. The KMT government in Taipei was considered to be the Government of China (and calls itself the Republic of China to this day, not Taiwan: Taiwan is an unofficial title that most people use to avoid confusion), but in 1971 this was changed, and the CCP government in Beijing was (and is now) considered by the UN to be the official Government of China. Thus, representatives from the Communist mainland replaced the representatives from Taiwan. But officially, China had representatives in the UN and still has representatives in the UN. The government in Beijing adamantly does not allow Taiwan entrance to the UN because to do so would indicate that it is an independent state; they argue that Taiwan is part of the state of China and thus represented by the Chinese representatives in the UN.
It's important to remember that President Ma and President Xi both agree that China is, offically, one state; they just disagree about who is President (or where the capital is; according to President Ma, it's Nanjing). Of course, many Taiwanese consider this a little ridiculous, and the opposition parties don't agree with this idea, but it is the stated claims of the KMT party. That's not to say the KMT don't want Taiwan to be a member of the UN. Of course they do, because it's awkward not being a member! Just that, officially, there is only one China, and thus the PRC in Beijing can somewhat legitimately argue that it's silly to have two representatives from China. But, like Palestine, it's a very frought issue which other countries support or reject based on their internal and external politics.
Basically what u/The_Manchurian said. In 1949 the ROC lost the civil war against the communists. ROC retreated to Taiwan, which was originally conquered by Imperial China in the 17th century, lost to the Japanese in 1895, and regain by the ROC in 1945 after the surrender of Japanese in ww2.
After retreating to Taiwan, the ROC/KMT government still claimed that they were the "real" China, and still represented China in the UN for some time.
In the 70s things changed. America came up with the strategy of allying the communist China to weaken the Soviet Union. Eventually ROC lost its representation as China, also failed to stay in the UN as a regular member.
The new China/PRC insists that ROC is already defeated/not exists anymore, and Taiwan is therefore now part of the PRC. Since PRC is a permanent member of the UNSC, and a very influential one, ROC/Taiwan has no chance entering UN or many international organizations even today, unless under names like Chinese Taipei or other strange names.
Source: Am Taiwanese. And like /u/The_Manchurian pointed out, many of us (the younger generations especially) think ROC is already dead/outdated. Only very, very few people I know still think the current ROC is the real China/should merge with China. But China will be completely pissed off, even waging war, if our government say "nah bro we are not china anymore" in the public.