Who (or which country) first brought up the idea of collective schooling? Was there propaganda to stigmatize homeschooling? When did elementary (or primary) schooling become mandatory?
Speculative: It seems a trend of returning to homeschooling began in the early 90s. Do you think this could be attributed to the ease of access to information via the internet?
Slightly off-topic: I remember reading that the Romans had universities, although it was more of a group of students lounging in the grass listening to an orator or a philosopher. Is that true?
I hope I haven't violated any rules. Thank you.
I can only answer a small part of your very broad question.
In England it was 1870 which saw provision of universal compulsory education introduced. However, even today, there is no requirement that parents must use the state-provided facilities. Parents in England are responsible for ensuring their children receive an education - meaning that those who wish to take advantage of the state-run schools may do so, and those who prefer to make their own alternative arrangements may do just that. I understand there were substantially earlier arrangements in Scotland, but do not know details.