I think it was Napoleon that would have a war plan explained to a regular person in the camp, and if that person understood the plan would have to explain it back. The idea was that if a regular person in the camp understood the plan and could explain it then it could be easily understood by all.
Is this true? If not Napoleon was it another famous person in history... or am I making this up?
Thanks!
I'm sorry but it's untrue. The system that Napoleon had developed for giving orders depended on his Chief of Staff, Marshal Berthier. First Napoleon would create the order, usually written but other times verbally, to Berthier. The orders would sometimes be vague ("pull the X Corp to move to the enemy's left) where Berthier would pull it to much greater clarity (move Marshal Davout twenty miles south along X road in order to put himself on a blocking position, or something like that). The orders would be sent and the generals would move.
This system would bread down without Berthier during the 1815 Campaign when Marshal Soult, acting as Cheif of Staff for the now deceased Berthier, would bungle orders with great frequency.