I can give some insight on the second question relating to the United States.

"Yellow" was still a go-to term to refer to people we usually refer to as "Asian Americans" nowadays up through the late 1960s and 70s. Inspired by the Black Power movement, certain groups identifying as Asian sought to express themselves (in part) through their ethnic identity.

In 1970, a "pan-Asian" organization in Northern California was created, calling itself "Yellow Seed" - one justification for the name being that "Yellow [is] the common bond between Asian Americans". The "yellow" was then dropped due to protest from Filipino Americans, who identified as brown rather than yellow. At the 1972 Asian American national conference, a group of Filipino Americans "made it clear to the conferees that [they] were 'Brown Asians'", feeling that the term "yellow" was not inclusive.

The term yellow slowly started falling out of use to refer to Asians or Asian Americans, being replaced by the latter term. Another term often used in the before the '60s and '70s was "oriental", though this term also fell out of favor with activists, partially because its original meaning, east, refers to East Asia in relationship to Europe and thus connotes a Euro-centric world view.

Source: Espiritu, Yen Le. Asian American Panethnicity: Bridging Institutions and Identities. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1992. pp 32f.

Another interesting resource is Google Books' Ngram viewer to look at how much the term Asian American has been used in print over the years. Unfortunately it can't be effectively compared with the terms yellow or oriental due to their other meanings, but it still shows that the term was not used at all until the late 1960s and took a steep increase in the mid-'80s.

I have very limited knowledge on this subject, but I can try to answer further questions if you have any.