So when a certain king was called "the Good", "the Wise" etc., how did he earn this? What were the criteria for a good monarch and do how did the medieval ideas of a good monarch differ from our current ideas of a good monarch?
For Turkish ones they gained their rep. for their actions. Osman I and Orhan named "Ghazi" 'cause they fights non-muslims, Murat I named as "Hüdavendigar" 'cause he's most powerfull bey in that time. Mehmed II called "The conqueror" 'cause he conquer Constantinapolis. as such... Arabian emirs and sultans have very long names so they ussualy use "kunya" some kind a nick. unfortunately i don't know much about that matter.