To what extent did Jewish people living in Europe consider themselves part of a single Jewish people or common Jewish identity that transcended their different nationalities prior to the late 19th century? | AskHistorians Archive Observer

To what extent did Jewish people living in Europe consider themselves part of a single Jewish people or common Jewish identity that transcended their different nationalities prior to the late 19th century?

by ItspronouncedGruh-an

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Related: to what extent did Christians in Europe see themselves as part of a nationality in that period?