During the Cold War (specifically the later half), to what extent were East Germans less well off than West Germans? Specifically, were there differences in diets and nutrition? If so to what extent?
If the East Germans did have inferior nurishment, was this due to lack of agricultural productivity of East Germany or else a movement of resources from East Germany to other Soviet states or Soviet satellite states?
In general a GDR citizen after the late 50s (food stamps were abolished in 1958) was unlikely to be malnurished since basic food (bread, butter, most things that could be easily produced localy) was widely available. This was not the case for "luxury" goods, many of which had to be imported (chocolate, coffee, certain fish, certain cheeses and more) and required the GDR's leadership to use the ever scarce amounts of foreign exchange to aquire. These dietary goods were, especialy outside east Berlin, scarce. Unfortunately for the GDR's leadership supplying it's population with these goods was necessary to avoid dissent. In fact the inability to import the required amounts of coffee during the late 70s ( a result of increasing coffee prices and a decrease in oil revenue) ultimately lead to considerable protests. The lengths the GDR leadership went to somehow alleviate their constant foreign exchange shortages (and therefore, among other priorities, increase the amount of available consumer goods) can only be broadly described here. One of the most interesting examples is surely the Bereich KoKo (Kommerzielle Koordinierung) which had as it's main task to aquire as much foreign exchange as possible. Ways to do so were the GDR Intershops which sold "west-goods" to the population against hard currency (and were therefore a useful way to aquire foreign exchagne from the population) as well as the Genex, which allowed foreign citizens (mostly in the FRG) to purchase goods for east germans (relatives, churches and so on) in hard currency. A relatively short lived increase in diplomatic activity with african socialist (often in name only) "brotherstates" was another attempt to save foreign exchange (typicaly by trying to export manufactured goods for raw materials).
Another point that needs to be kept in mind is that a planned economy like the GDR's produces a much smaller amount of diverse consumer goods than a market economy, where various businesses try to compete with several variants of the same basic good. I have a short anectode to illustrate that point. The first time my grandmother visited her sister in Munich she was downright amazed at the many variants of bread at the local bakery and to this day she often recommends that she still fails to understand for what we need dozens of only slightly different variants of what is basicaly the same good (be it bread, tooth paste...) :D
So, the tldr version:
Some literature (merely what i currently have at home or nearby :D): coffee crisis:
In addition Zatlin's "Scarcity and Resentment: Economic Sources of Xenophobia in the GDR, 1971–1989", while only indirectly related to the question, is an interesting read.