There are probably others, and there is probably some logic to this. Thank you.
Hi, can you confirm: are you asking about country names in English and German only? In some languages, for example French, it's the norm to use "the" (well, le, la, les, l'), e.g. la France.
As for "the Ukraine", in English the country name is "Ukraine"; /u/brigantus, /u/yodatsracist and others explain here: