BAt the time, it did vary state to state until the 1830's-1854 period known as "Jacksonian Democracy", where massive expansions of voting rights were undertaken. At the time of the ratification of the Constitution however, in Massachussetts and Kentucky for instance you had to own land to vote. Obviously you had to be white as well. I think New York was the only state which allowed black people to vote, but it was revoked a short time later. Most other states had a landowning clause or the option to pay a hefty fine (usually equivalent to the purchasing cost of said required amount of land). You can view the individual constitutions here.

So, the short of it is that there wasn't universal male suffrage in the United States in 1788. You had to be, in general, wealthy or a landowner and white. The voting rights in 1792 France extended beyond all property or land ownership, skin color, and even religion.

The US Constitution was noteworthy for having no specific limitations on suffrage, but it didn't guarantee universal suffrage either. Instead, it was left up to every state (in fact, later amendments technically haven't changed this, but there are a lot more limits to the reasons you can deny the right to vote).