During the Weimar period, much of the Nazi rhetoric surrounding Jews was focused on how they 'stabbed the German Army in the back.' This was a common phrase used by the National Socialists as they described communists, homosexuals, Jews, Roma, or anyone else they didn't like. The view was that these groups overwhelmingly called for the end of WWI too soon and did not support the war effort, and it was for these reasons that Germany lost and had the Treaty of Versailles forced on them. In some cases, especially with the Communists, this view wasn't entirely invalid–the Marxist strikes among the sailors and among the working class did signal the beginning of the end for the German army. However, in regards to the Jews, the assumption that they didn't have German patriotism or did not enlist in the army was completely false.

Part of the Nazi propaganda effort against Jews was the "Judenzaehlung," a census of WWI veterans to prove that Jews had lower enlistment rates than others. When they found that Jews had actually higher rates of enlistment and support for the war effort, they hid the census.

Essentially, if you were a Jew, it didn't really matter that you had fought in the war. You were treated as any other Jew.

Veterans, in general, before the Holocaust and World War II, were also treated rather poorly. The streets of Berlin were full of people in uniforms, with missing limbs, begging. Upon their return, as losers of the Great War, their was little fanfare. Joseph Roth's "What I Saw" offers a great look into both the city of Berlin from the veteran's and the Jewish person's perspective. Also, Chapters 1 and 2 of Eric Weitz's "Weimar Germany" offer great perspectives on the end of WWI and its effect on veterans.