I would point you toward E.P. Thompson's landmark The Making of the English Working Class, which pioneered the field of "history from below."

You might well enjoy Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie's Montaillou. Le Roy Ladurie makes use of incredibly detailed Inquisition records concerning a mostly heretical village in the early fourteenth century. He's able to provide remarkable insight into not just the daily lives of the lower and middling sorts, but also their mental and philosophical outlook on a huge range of topics. For instance, one chapter discusses how Montaillou's inhabitants understood the concept of time, and how much this differs from modern assumptions.

The place and period may be different, but it's definitely worth a read. It's been translated and should be widely available - I picked up my copy from a charity bookshop.