Not quite what you are asking for but there was litigation about increased cancer incidents associated with the Hanford site: http://www.tri-cityherald.com/news/local/hanford/article38165607.html

It is very hard to prove cancer causes. What is usually done is that evidence is gathered for epidemiologically-significant effects in a given population and then give compensation for specific sorts of related illnesses. No such survey was ever done of the nearly 500,000 people who were involved in the Manhattan Project.

Many project participants of course did develop cancers, some fatal (including J. Robert Oppenheimer, Enrico Fermi, Leo Szilard, Joseph W. Kennedy, John von Neumann, and many more). But tracing these cancers back to the years they worked on the bomb is not straightforward. In some cases there are other competitors for a likely cause (e.g,. Oppenheimer's chain smoking), and many of these people had exposures to both carcinogens and radiation before and after their war work.