Specifically, how were cities/villages laid out (scattered, close together)? I can find culture and customs, but not the 'layout' of the land. Sorry if this is silly, I have a hard time grasping this sort of thing.
On this topic (not specifically about 1600s, but about pre-1789 French rural geography), you might want to read Marc Bloch's Caractères originaux de l'histoire rurale française.