Frederick Lewis Allen's book Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920s is a short, pretty simple, rather fun overview of the decade you might enjoy. Allen was a reporter who published the book in 1931, trying to wrap the decade up while touching on most of what he thought were interesting and important cultural, political, and of course economic moments. Now, his book isnt the most academic book on the decade. And Allen covers neither the long term effects of the events he discusses, nor each event in thematic detail. Rather, his book offers more of a coffee table, newspaper sort of narrative. You get the feeling that these were the things Allen thought Americans talked about during the decade, and that he is relating these events to us as they appeared to play out at the time. So, while it might not cover the entire breadth and depth of the decade, it definitely gives you some of the flavor, and is pretty easy to just pick up and read.

I've read fairly short but to the point book "Daily Life In the US 1920-1940: How Americans Lived Through the Roaring Twenties and the Great Depression" by David E. Kyvig. Check it out.