Clarification: the Black Death during the Middle Ages
I'd imagine a lot of towns would be empty, this would include regional lords, bishops or maybe even the kings that were dead. What about the peasants (now mostly dead) that were needed for farming or other jobs? What was it like?
While I cannot speak to the rest I can address the shortage of labour after the Plague. Due to the incredible loss of labour many fields became fallow, and wages improved for most working people.
In fact there is a longstanding, though by no means perfect or comprehensive argument that the decline of serfdom in the West was partially brought about by this prolonged shortage of labour, as it took centuries to reach previous population levels. It has also been hypothesized that labour-saving technologies became more widespread partially due to this shortage of labour.
The confusion of the time and the death of feudal administrators also made it easier for serfs to re establish themselves as free wage labourers or even in some cases outright free holders.
However the position of the peasantry did not climb immensely both due to the effort of landowners to hold down prices and an increase in the cost of living due to the plague, as food such as wheat also became more expensive. If you want further clarification feel free to ask!