No, in fact Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin were widely know in the population and praised for their "exceptional achievement" by Soviet newspapers. Though it should be noted that it received way less attention than any development Soviet in space program. It was recognised but not detailed reported about, to not make it look like a Soviet defeat like it was portrayed in the west.

Soviet Premier Alexsey Kosygin complimented U.S. on lunar landing and expressed interest in widening U.S.-U.S.S.R. space cooperation during July 21 Moscow discussion with former Vice President Hubert H. Humphrey, who was ending Soviet visit.

Sources:

Collection of Press releases from Nasa

Picture from the Pravda front page.