No, the 3/5 compromise was used to count how many delegates each state was given, not to count literal population. In order to figure 3/5, a total count of the population of slaves was necessary.

After the 13th Amendment ended the 3/5 clause, and every person (except Indians) was counted for representation, the Southern states gained delegates. After the Reconstruction Era and the rise of the Jim Crow South, Southern whites held more power than the Antebellum South had, since black people were effectively disenfranchised but were still counted equal.