Medieval Europe is a vast area and time. People you could meet in England in the 1100s would be different than France in the 1250s, and Italy in the 1300s. Can you narrow it down a bit?
In European medieval cities (with the exception of a few German and Italian ones) it was illegal to be armed unless you were either just entering the city, leaving it, or if you were a city official or a knight. And when I say knight I mean an actual knight, someone who has been knighted, not just any old guy in armour on a horse that we tend to all call knights today. So if you were visiting a city and staying in an inn it was often the responsibility of the inn keeper to look after your weapons for you. Just like today they didn't want it to be a bloodbath in public areas whenever a fight broke out so people were limited to only certain types of daggers for eating and so on.
This is a record of a law that was passed in 1393 dealing with arms in the city of London. Calendar of Close Rolls, Richard II: volume 5: 1392-1396
To the mayor and sheriffs of London. Order to cause proclamation to be made, forbidding any man of whatsoever estate or condition to make unlawful assemblies in the city or suburbs of London, to go armed, girt with a sword or arrayed with unwonted harness, carry with him such arms, swords or harness, or do aught whereby the peace may be broken or the statutes concerning the bearing of arms contrary to the peace, or any of the people be disturbed or put in fear, under pain of losing his arms etc. and of imprisonment at the king's will, except lords, great men, knights and esquires of good estate, other men upon entering or leaving the city, and the king's officers and ministers appointed to keep the peace; and order after such proclamation to arrest all whom they shall find acting contrary to the same with the exceptions aforesaid, their followers, the arms, swords etc. found with them, and to keep them in custody in prison until further order, causing their arms etc. to be appraised and answer to be made to the king for them, and certifying in chancery from time to time the names of those arrested and the price and value of their arms etc. and so behaving that henceforward no more mischief be there done by their default; as it has now newly come to the king's ears that there are evildoers and breakers of the peace, some armed, some girt about the midst with swords, and some arrayed as aforesaid, who lurk in divers places within the city and suburbs and run to and fro committing batteries, mayhems, robberies, manslaughters etc., and hindering and disturbing the ministers and officers of the city from the exercise of their offices, in contempt of the king and breach of the peace, to the disturbance and terror of the people and contrary to the said statutes, which the king will not and ought not to endure.
Laws like this were quite often reissued so its clear people breaking these laws was a bit of problem.
If you're asking about how common swords were then it depends on the time you're looking at. Before the 12th Century swords were more rare among the normal population. But in the 13th Century the blast furnace made making sword blades much easier and they therefore became much more affordable. Swords would also often outlive their owners so as time went on in the medieval era you had an ever growing number of old second hand swords in addition to the new ones being made. So by the 14/15th Century basically anyone who wanted a sword could get one. The price of swords of course would vary greatly. In wills from the time we can see that they valued an old rusty sword at about 2 pence. And to give you an idea of this value an English foot archer fighting in the 100 years war would have earned 3 pence a day. On the other end of the spectrum in about 1412 Henry V had 12 swords made to be diplomatic gifts and each one of these swords was valued at 2,000 pounds and at this time there were 240 pennies to a pound. So that English foot archer would have to work every day for about 438 years to afford that.
As for bows you would only really see people with them who intended to use them for hunting or practice. Bows are big and cumbersome, they're a pain to just go about your daily business with. And that thing they all do in movies where they sling them across their back isn't really possible since it is extremely uncomfortable and annoying, if you've ever tried it with a bow you'll know this. The reason why swords were so popular as a weapon in daily life was because they were so easy to wear. Their effectiveness as a battlefield weapon wasn't the best and their capabilities are vastly over-exaggerated in movies. But their ability to function as a reliable self defence weapon without being a burden is what sets them apart.