To ask further, when I try to find anything about "thought reform" it always comes down to Robert Jay Lifton. Did he invent the term? Is he the only researcher who has considered the subject? I don't think he made it up — although I have not read his works, I know he is well-respected with those fighting against oppressive cults/mind control/undue influence.

I haven't read it, but have you heard of Ji Xianlin’s The Cowshed: Memories of the Chinese Cultural Revolution? There's an English translation. Here's a review: http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2016/01/26/china-surviving-camps-cultural-revolution-memoir/

It seems to be about what you're looking for. Sorry I can't give more, but it could be useful.