Did any ancient general ever explicitly try to copy Hannibal's tactics at Cannae? If so, how'd it turn out?

I'm a little confused as to what you mean. The main tactic used at Cannae was the pincer/double envelopment, which really just means attacking the flanks of the enemy at the same time, and has been a mainstay in military tactics at all levels for quite awhile.

In fact, Hannibal wasn't the first to utilize the tactic. Sun Tzu described a similar tactic in the 6th century BC (but advised against trying it, believing the enveloped army would run first) and there's some accounts that the Greek victory at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC involved the use of a pincer movement in the same way as Hannibal did (i.e. weak center and strong flanks). Alexander the Great used the tactic many times and many have used it since Cannae.

Cannae was not the first use of the pincer, but is one of the best documented uses of it and considered an absolute masterpiece in terms of scale and control. Hannibal used the terrain and knowledge of his various units' abilities and strengths to lure the Romans into a trap, where they lost 50,000 men in a single day.

Edit To actually answer your question in the edit, it's hard to say if any commanders tried to copy Hannibal specifically because the weak center, strong flanks double envelopment is something every commander would love to do. He was not the first to do it, but he did it best in that not only did the tactic lead to victory, but led to the annihilation of the enemy army. The way he did this is where his true genius shows. Not in the double envelopment itself, but the way he utilized his own forces various strengths to play directly against the Romans' way of fighting and maintained both the control and the timing to completely destroy his enemy.

There are many examples before and since of the weak center pincer movement, but very few have done it so well. So no, military commanders since are probably not copying the pincer movement directly from Hannibal since it is such an important, basic tactic, but they ARE trying to emulate his absolute mastery of the terrain, timing, control, and insight into his own and the enemy forces in order to complete a battle of annihilation.