What is your definition of success? independence? autonomy? representation? change some law or behavior in how the colony was being treated? simply revolting against leaders in the colony itself?

I suppose you could include Rhodesia, but that wasn't really an 'armed rebellion' per se. Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) had had self government since the 1920's, but by the 1960's the debate had shifted to the conditions for full independence. Her Majesty's government insisted that majority rule (IE giving franchise to the blacks that comprised 95% of the population) was a necessary condition, the white government of Rhodesia found this unacceptable.

In 1965, the white government unilaterally declared independence from Great Britain, and successfully ruled the country while conducting a guerilla war against black nationalists until 1979, when the government was dissolved as part of the Lancaster House agreement to transition to majority rule.

However, I doubt this example really meets your criteria for 'armed rebellion'. Britain never undertook military action against their errant colonists - their actions were limited to economic sanctions and diplomatic pressure.