What is "radical Islam" as far as your question is concerned?

The religious movements that now form the basis of "radical Islam" (such as Salafism) didn't become fully articulated until the twentieth century, and thus can't really be traced back to Ottoman times, except when speaking about intellectual antecedents. Some particular features of them did exist much earlier, but weren't the same as modern 'radical Islam'.

Also, I'd wager to say that any direct comparisons between the fifth-century Roman and twentieth-century Ottoman Empires would be quite contrived.