Please note Article 24 of the treaty, as signed:

(1) If any High Contracting Party should become engaged in war, such High Contracting Party may, if he considers the naval requirements of his defence are materially affected, suspend, in so far as he is concerned, any or all of the obligations of the present Treaty, provided that he shall promptly notify the other High Contracting Parties that the circumstances require such suspension, and shall specify the obligations it is considered necessary to suspend.

(2) The other High Contracting Parties shall in such case promptly consult together, and shall examine the situation thus presented with a view to agreeing as to the obligations of the present Treaty, if any, which each of the said High Contracting Parties may suspend. Should such consultation not produce agreement, any of the said High Contracting Parties may suspend, in so far as he is concerned, any or all of the obligations of the present Treaty, provided that he shall promptly give notice to the other High Contracting Parties of the obligations which it is considered necessary to suspend.

(3) On the cessation of hostilities, the High Contracting Parties shall consult together with a view to fixing a date upon which the obligations of the Treaty which have been suspended shall again become operative, and to agreeing upon any amendments in the present Treaty which may be considered necessary.

And in fact, you can find the exact cable where the US mission relays the notification of the government of the United Kingdom of the need to suspend the treaty right here. Therefore, the forms required were indeed honored, but because the treaty expired in 1942 (during the war) it was not specifically renegotiated for renewal or reactivation then, and certainly not in light of the radically changed postwar circumstances. The treaty system had never included the USSR, and after the war there was no serious likelihood of a resumption of naval arms competition between the former signatories.