What was hunting like in Qing China? Was hunting for food heavily regulated? Was it mostly limited to an upper class sport like in western europe? What were the most common methods of hunting?

by hborrgg
ThePorkAwakens

Hunting in Qing China actually had a ton of parallels with hunting in Europe. Much of the hunting culture was rooted in elite circles and was often tied with the historical "Manchu" and "Mongol" roots of the Qing. Despite this, the Chinese emperors had been having massive hunting expeditions ever since the Zhou Dynasty in the 800s and 700s BC.

In fact, even in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms one of the most well-known characters, Cao Cao, mentions:

"The kings and emperors of ancient times held four grand hunts yearly, riding forth from the capital each season to show the world their prowess."

The Qing nobles saw the hunt as a demonstration of military power and an essential part of military training , and thus the weapon of choice was usually the bow and arrow (which was seen as a noble or gentleman's weapon). In fact, the Qing military was designed in a very similar structure as traditional hunting parties.

The Emperor would also often use the hunts as a summit with various foreign dignitaries or officials.

As for tactics, the Imperial hunting grounds usually were divided into forested areas containing a series of clearings. The soldiers would drive animals (which included everything from deer, tigers to bears) into the clearings, where they would be shot.

I'd have to do more reading to find info on hunting amongst the lower classes, but I'd recommend the readings on hunting in New Qing Imperial History by Dunnell & Elliot.

Also, more on Qing tactics can be found in Elliot's The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China.