There's an article about this very subject: Turan, Gülname. "Turkey in the Great Exhibition of 1851." Design Issues 25, no. 1 (2009): 64-79. http://www.jstor.org/stable/20627794.

This article is written more from the perspective of a modern design student or scholar of material culture than a historian, but it answers your questions reasonably enough. Here's a representative excerpt:

The main exhibits of Turkey were raw materials. Manufactured products included glassware, earthenware from K'tahya and Tophane, copperware, woven and nonwoven fabrics, ready-to-wear clothing from Feshane, leather products, various embroidered garments, soft furniture, mattresses, cushions, rugs and carpets from western Anatolia, and baskets woven in various forms. Other items included silver and goldsmiths' products of different techniques and forms; along with metalsmiths' products such as gardening tools, hand tools, scissors for specific purposes, money safes, pistols, swords and scabbards, and Turkish bath and barber sets.

The process of manufacture did not constitute any part of the Turkish exhibition, although raw materials and end products were on display. The lack of "process display" may be related to the fact that "process" and "product" distinction of nineteenth century Western manufacturing was not established in Turkish industry. Turkish production was not based on rationalized and systematic knowledge. Therefore, "manufacturing process" did not constitute a separate category other than the product: production basically was based on traditional tacit knowledge, and had only begun to change.