Many articles, papers and online resources state that the modernised human form has only been present on Earth for 200,000 years but none of them reference the research anywhere.
What study(ies) has lead people to this now seemingly general consensus?
Because that's the approximate age of the oldest fossils attributed to our species, Homo sapiens, often referred to as "Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH)" in discussions that compares them to other human species that existed around that time, like neanderthals.
The oldest known AMH remains known were found in the banks of the Omo river of Ethiopia and dated between 200,000 and 190,000 years before present using Argon dating, in 2004 (the first remains have been unearthed three or four decades before and sat undated since). In doing so, they displaced the previously accepted oldest AMH remains, the so-called Herto Man from the middle Awash river, also in Ethiopia, which had been dated to 160,000 years BP using a similar method.
EDIT: Forgot a word.
Hi, questions on deep pre-history would be worth cross-posting to our sister sub, /r/AskAnthropology. While there are some anthropologists here, there are more over there, and with a greater specialization in early time periods and human evolution. You might also try /r/AskScience