Did people flee the US during the Civil War? Were there any refugees?

by Corohr

Historically, there have been large amounts of people who flee countries in the middle of Civil War. Syria and Colombia come to mind. Did this happen in the US during their Civil War?

lojafan

Flee the US completely or just move away from the fighting?

Caedus_Vao

This is a good question. I'd be interested in knowing how many Northerners went to Canada to escape persecution for having Confederate sympathies, or even just because Indian attacks in places like Minnesota and Wisconsin were still very real concerns.

Also, were there any Canadians that believed in the Northern cause, and moved South to join up?