My first thoughts of this is that there probably were no recorded records for the first Chinese person, because there was a robust international trade in goods and services by the time of the Pilgrims. People traveled throughout the world for tea and spices. So, it would make sense that at some point an adventurous person from China would have gotten on a boat and may have landed in what is now the USA. By the 1700s, goods from China often found themselves in the USA. One has only to go to the fabulous Peabody Essex Institute in Salem, MA to see these goods. So, it is likely that a trader, sailor, or someone who could translate from Chinese to English, would have come back with one of the tens of thousands of vessels that traveled to China in that time.

As for recorded person, it's a little convoluted. We know that around 1810, a group of "Manilamen" settled in Louisiana. The question is whether these men were strictly all Filipinos or whether they were Chinese who had immigrated first to the Philippines and then on to the USA. But definitively, we know that after the Sino-US Treaty in the 1820s, that Chinese began to immigrate to the USA. We simply do not have their names.