A lot of speculative fiction claims that had the Hindenburg crash been avoided, blimps would be common forms of transportation. What other factors contributed to blimps losing popularity?

by swagtastic_anarchist
stiflin

First off, the Hindenburg was a rigid airship, not a blimp. Blimps maintain their form because of a pressurized lifting gas, like a balloon, while rigid airships like the Hindenburg had rigid metal skeletons. The largest rigid airships were much larger than their non-rigid counterparts and dwarf any blimp flying today. Further, the Hindenburg disaster was just one of many airship disasters that occurred in the period. The USA and Great Britain ended their respective airship programs years before the Hindenburg disaster because of their disasters of their own large, expensive airships.

Even the American program, the only one to use non-flammable helium instead of hydrogen, had its share of crashes: of the four large airships it built or had built, only the Los Angeles [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Los_Angeles_(ZR-3)] survived. The Shenandoah [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Shenandoah_(ZR-1)], Akron [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Akron_(ZRS-4)], and Macon [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Macon_(ZRS-5)] all were destroyed in separate crashes. Even with using helium wasn't enough to save these airships, and helium was significantly more expensive and less efficient lifting gas than hydrogen was. Likewise, of the three large airships built by Great Britain, the R-38 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R38-class_airship], R100 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R100] and R101 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R101], only the the R100 survived to be scrapped.

Other countries, like France and Italy, abandoned their airship programs after early disasters. Nonetheless, the Germans continued to operate airships more safely and successfully than any other country until the Hindenburg disaster, but with such a small sample size it's hard to say how much of their relatively success was due to luck and how much to better design and operation. Interestingly, the Hindenburg disaster was only the fifth-deadliest aircraft crash in history. Its notoriety may be due to the fact it occurred in such a public setting and was caught on film.

Looking at their overall record, it's clear that large rigid airships were an experiment that almost universally ended in disaster. It's possible that with the right designs, crewing, and helium someone could have hit the combo that made them safe and practical for common use, but by the time that would have happened airplanes may have outcompeted them anyways.

Source: Hindenburg: An Illustrated History by Rick Archbold