It really depended on what that person was doing in their life. Aside from merchants and sailors which are obvious quite a lot of people did travel, and for relatively long distances though the idea of a weeks holiday on the Costa del Sol is a modern invention.
For example a member of the gentry or emerging "middle" in a society could travel quite widely. Well to do Europeans would often participate in Grand Tours, seeing and experiencing the sights and sounds of the ancient capitals of Europe, particularly exploring Northern Italy, Florence, Venice, Bologna ect.
The 17th century was also quite turmultuous due to the amount of war and persecution going on. The 30 years war created thousands of refugees from all walks life. Similarly the War of the Three Kingdoms created refugees, one man John Evelyn kept a diary. He is quite a good example here of a well to do 17th century gentleman (and Royalist) as his time fleeing persecution also incorporated a Grand Tour of sorts, even going so far as attending Mass in Rome. (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/41218/41218-h/41218-h.htm) However speaking of refugees the majoirty of the people in England at least attempted to let the war pass them by (John Morrill, Nature of English Revolution, Revolt in the Provinces and others), reluctant to take sides many would adopt any side which guarenteed their own peace and security and allegiance fluctuated wildly. This reduced the number of people fleeing conflict by being caught on the wrong side.
Preachers could also travel quite widely, one such man Pierre D'Assigny a Huguenot (and later Parliamentarian) was born in France, began preaching in Jersey in the 1630's, then travelled to the French Church in Norwich following the islands defeat to the Royalists in 1643. In 1651 he returned to the island following its recapture, but in 1660 with the Restoration he was exiled. (Source: Balleine's History of Jersey, Journal of Jean Chevalier 1643-1651 & William Prynne The Lyar Confounded). Travelling clergymen was nothing out of the ordinary, Protestant preachers travelling to places like Geneva was relatively common place (particularly when it came to the more 'radical'/ less 'anglican' sort), and occurred even down to the local minister level. In the Church of England (pre Civil War) clergymen would have to go to university before becoming ordained, usually studying at Oxford or Cambridge. The higher ups of the Church Deans, Bishops ect. would be expected to visit all their parishes every so often.
Other people who may have travelled are musicians , JS Bach during his lifetime travelled widely around Germany, mostly on foot. Much of Bach's composing was around religion which gives us a nice link to the clergy at the time. However this was a little later in the early 18th century.
Soldiers of course could also travel widely particularly the mercenaries used in the Thirty years war, however I am going to steer away from this and let someone with more knowledge expand on that one! In the War of the Three Kingdoms soldiers at least travelled the length the breadth of the British Isles, but equally many forces were raised locally and fought locally. The idea of standing armies begins to emerge in this period. The 17th century sees the development of premanent armies which could be moved anywhere in the country during peacetime. Before the 16th-17th century most forces would be much more heavily localised and often only raised in times of emergency. (Military Revolution debate)
However in spite of all these people travelling quite far, these journeys were often quite infrequent. In catholice countries it was not uncommon for people to go on pilgrimmages however for many this was a once in a lifetime event. Most people would travel much less that the above listed professions/groups, though that is not to say they would not travel at all. Take for example a farmer he would only travel as far as the nearest market on a weekly basis. The furthest most people would probably travel semi-regularly was during the beating of the bounds, in which parishioners would walk the entirety of their parish boundary lead by a minister in a sort of survey of what fell within it. Back then parish life played a huge part in society, this is particularly of true of England where recusant fines were imposed on those who did not attend Church at least once a month (usually targeted at Catholics, and sometimes non-conformists. The parish was made of the people you'd be born into, the people you'd live with and the people who'd bury you.