Also, were the philosophy/science related jobs only available to the elite or to people belonging to certain orders, or were they available to anyone that was interested? Were non-Muslims allowed to take these jobs as well?
I am not an expert in anyway on the other hand I think this thread may partially help you https://www.reddit.com/r/AskHistorians/comments/3v0lwc/what_was_the_quality_of_life_like_in_the_islamic/