Back when I was a kid, I remember my teacher saying that it has not been found out yet, how they produced colors. Has it been found out yet, or is it still undiscovered?
Dyes were made from a variety of mineral and vegetal origins. The famous purple came from crushing a molusc (Murex). Yellow came from saffron (crocus sativus) which is also what gives paella it color. Dark blue was obtained from Indigo (indigofera tinctoria) traded from India, lighter blue from woad (isatis tinctoria) which celtic people also used for skinpainting, but not for tatoos. Vermillion red came from ground madder root, this was the first color to be replicated sintheticaly. Lichen was used for a dull green (bright green is one of the hardest and most expensive colors to dye). Black from oak gall, white through the urea found in urine (some places advertized that their urine came from clean people, not from brothels or slaves)
What do you mean by "made colors"? Do you mean how did they dye their fabrics?