Well the time period that you're asking about is a difficult one to answer. That would be about when Egypt was fresh out of one of their Intermediate Periods, or early Middle Kingdom. A good look at the military situation though, could perhaps be inferred by the tomb of Mesehti. He would've lived about the time that you're asking about, and within his tomb we find the famous models of marching Egyptians and Nubians.

Now we don't know for sure if these would be an accurate representation of the facts, but it is noteworthy that they are marching in formation. Also, the Egyptians did fame their Nubian regiments with excellent marksman skills.

Both of those things would require some kind of training prior to the day that the army sets out.

During the First Intermediate Period, there was plenty of infighting amongst the Nomes of Egypt. In this time, we can see from the tomb of Baqet III some examples of Wrestling styles used. Obviously we can't create a 100% factual narrative here, but perhaps these styles could've been used in battle as well. We also have some tomb images of men throwing knives at a wooden block, and lifting sandbags as a form of weight training.

In the Middle Kingdom tale of Sinuhe, the title character prepares for a duel the following day by: "stringing his bow, sorting his weapons, practicing with his dagger, and polishing his weapons."

Another important point to mention about the Middle Kingdom army is that it seems to have been primarily an amphibious army. Riverine operations allowed for a much quicker travel time for the Egyptians, and the New Kingdom is when they began their "imperial" expansion. With that in mind, being on a "naval team" would've meant learning to row a ship as well. The importance of the navy is seen by the priority Ahmose son of Ibana, who lived in the early New Kingdom, gives it in his autobiography. He makes sure to stress his naval service as well as the fact that he followed his father into the navy.

Thus, we can conclude that some training was part of the soldier's experience. How effective that training was, and how comprehensive would be entirely speculative.

(Sources: Ancient Egyptian Literature by Miriam Lichtheim, The Wars of Syria and Palestine by Redford, War in Ancient Egypt by Spalinger, and Fighting Pharoahs by Partridge-beware of anything not confirmed by other sources on this one.)