Both the concept of "golden age" and "nation" are subjective constructions, and thus there exists no real answer to your question.

To illustrate what I mean, take the "Turks". One might identify a "Turkish golden age" with the rise of the Göktürk nomadic confederation in Central Asia in the sixth and seventh centuries, and again with the appearance of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in Anatolia at the end of the 11th century, and finally with the traditional Ottoman "golden age" under Suleiman the Magnificent in the 16th century. Yet one is perfectly justified in debating whether or not the term "golden age" should be applied to any of these periods, as well as whether or not the peoples involved really constituted a single continuous "nation".

But I assume what you're asking is "was it historically possible for any nation to achieve more than one golden age?", to which the answer is that neither concrete "golden ages" nor "nations" actually existed in history as they would in a computer game. They're both abstract, ambiguous concepts, frequently invented after the fact and projected back into the past, and thus no such universal statements can be made about them.