A page in my high school history textbook shows the map of the Ottoman Empire at its peak where it extends from Algeria to Hungary to Basra, Iraq. However, Hijaz is missing. Is this an error or what was going on in Hijaz circa 17th century?

by moharamenoodlez
Chamboz

Most maps of the Ottoman Empire that I've seen, even professionally produced ones, tend to have pretty arbitrary criteria for what's considered "inside" the Ottoman Empire and what's considered "outside." Most of Hijaz was ruled by the Sharifs of Mecca, who from 1517 onward were vassals of the Ottoman Empire. This, combined with the fact that the Ottomans were heavily invested in the protection of the pilgrimage routes, should place it squarely within the empire, but the map-makers could have chosen to exclude it because most of it wasn't under direct Ottoman administration.