I’ll try ask this question again. How were warships in the early 18th century French navy named and classified?

by NikKerk

I posted the same question a few days ago but I didn’t get any responses.

But, I decided to do a little background research this time, but the only sources I could find were on Wikipedia, so I can’t trust it with 100% historical accuracy (here and here) so I’d like to see if anybody here can share more of what they know about what I found.

More specifically, from these two sources I’m keeping my focus on ship ranks in the first decade of 1700’s (more specifically 1707 - 1713). So, with what I found out from the links and listed below, corresponds to the ships that were launched between the 1690’s and the early years of the 1700’s (00’s).

  • Vaisseaux de Premier Rang (First rank ships) - 3-decked vessels with around 80 to 100 guns

  • Vaisseaux de Deuxième Rang (Second rank ships) - most were two-decked vessels with around 64 - 74 guns

  • Vaisseaux de Troisième Rang (Third rank ships) - two-decked vessels with 64 or less

  • Vaisseaux de Quatrième Rang (Fourth rank ships) - two-decked frégates (frigates) with around 40 - 44 guns

  • vaisseaux de Cinquième Rang (Fifth rank ships) - two-decked frégates (frigates) with around 36 - 40 guns

  • Frégates légères (light frigates, unranked vessels) - single-decked vessels with 20 - 24 guns

I think I have general understanding of how the French would’ve ranked their ships in the first decade of the 1700’s, but the big question I have is; did what I find is accurate?

Follow-up questions: were all unranked vessels with even the smallest number of guns classed as frégates légères? (I would find it odd classifying a 12-gun vessel as a frigate)

Would it be historically accurate for a sailor in, say, 1710 to see one of these ships on the high seas and say something like “Look, it’s a Vaisseaux de Troisième Rang!”

KingDeath

I can only answer a part of your question but i hope that it helps. According to Boudriot's "The history of the french frigate 1650-1850" a fregate legere was, as opposed to the older "ship frigate", a single decked vessel of (according to the regulations of juli 4th 1670) 8 to 16 guns and "a small forecastle to protect the galley fires and one aft to protect the officer's quarters". To make matters more confusing some light fregates of that time had two decks but "with a gundeck devoid of armament" (which makes them different from the ship frigate which generaly had an armed gundeck). The armament of the vessels increased over time and by the late 17th century the minimum armament of a light frigate was about 14 guns of 4 or 6pds. Smaller vessels would be classified as sloops or as barque longue (although that typification doesn't seem to be overly specific) According to Boudriot the fregate legere was a direct precursors to the french 8pounder frigate of the 1740s and therefore the direct precusor of the "modern" 18th century frigate while the older and never particularly beloved shipfrigate fell out of use.