I have been looking into the history of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and other CA countries but I'm not finding much about them. The only major facts I have learned are that this region was important to the silk road and came under Russian domination in the 18th and 17th century. This gives me the impression that not much has happened in this over the past few thousand years, but that seems unlikely considering these places have decent populations today. They have low population density, but not that low (Kazakhstan's is higher than Canadas and Uzbekistan's is even higher than Mexicos.) So, are these areas really not that important historically or am I just looking in the wrong places?
There's not a lot of Western scholarship on central Asia and/or/including post-Abbasid Persia. The reasons for that are myriad -- many of them having to do with language issues and how we'd study those areas/conceptualize of them -- but it's an area that's understudied in the West for sure. We actually had a thread here a few days ago asking for resources in this area, which might be of interest to you (although it asks specifically about the medieval Islamic world, I put in a recommendation there for the UN History of Central Asia, which I used when I was traveling in the region).