The Tale of Sinuhe is probably the most well known story and I think penguin just published "Writings from Ancient Egypt" recently which I've been dying to look at! Public perception of ancient Egypt is very interesting because so much of the basics are embedded in popular culture like pyramids, mummies, and curses but most people don't have any idea of the complexity and sheer size of Egyptian history. Maybe try to read up on some of its mythology especially stories about Horus and Seth which are super cool.

In the West many people are aware of the Biblical story of Joseph, Jacob's son who is sent by his greedy brothers into Egypt as a slave, who works his way up through his prophetic dreams to become an influential civic leader who supplies grain to all the surrounding nations (and therefore dominates them) during the drought he foresaw.

An Israelite story right? No, an Egyptian story re-crafted and fit into the Jacob (Israel) story) to segue from the Israelite origin stories of Genesis to the Israelite story of escape from Egypt into Canaan, a story that becomes the foundation and dominant metaphor for the different groups who would become "Israel", some of whom were likely already in Canaan and never left Egypt, others of whom were possibly from Greece, the 'peoples of the sea', and other of which were likely from Egypt and brought with them the story that would become Israel's national myth. The tie between Israel and Egypt is at the same time more and less than what the Bible reveals. The Kenite hypothesis lends weight to significant African influence on the Bible.

It's not Egyptian literature in the form we find it, but there is much to suggest that certain key biblical stories and ideas come from North and East Africa.