Was "The African Dodger" a real game?

by dakineiswhy

Also called "hit the nigger baby." Was it a real game that was actually played in the early 1900s? I saw it on Facebook and the articles I found relating to it seemed to have all the same info as the one i saw on Facebook. So i can't tell if one of these articles just made the whole thing up and the other articles just copied it or if it was actually a legit thing back then. Thanks!

For reference: http://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/question/oct12/index.htm

AncientHistory

Basically, yes. It was initially a carnival attraction where a real African-American (or a white person in blackface) dodged balls thrown at them (or were dunked in tanks, etc.) but were eventually made illegal in many jurisdictions. The game and its variants went under titles like "Nigger Dodger," "Kill the Coon," "Drop the Chocolate Drop," and "Tip the Bell Boy" as discussed in Historical Racialized Toys in the United States 72:

In a cruel display of both racism and classism, White children in their leisure time were disciplined to understand the inferior social and economic status of working class African Americans. While not explicit in the use of violence, "Tip the Bell Boy" socialized young White children into seeing African Americans as targets of ridicule and hostility. Perhaps one of the more appalling examples of racist material culture used for play can be seen in the toss-game, "The African Dodger" Though the game was targeted at adults, it was likely also used by adolescents and children. The accompanying caption reads:

Well! Well! Here he is Boys. Three shots for Five Cents and if you hit the Nigger you get a cigar. Now Boys and Girls, you can have all the fun of hitting the nigger right at your own home. We will send you the complete outfit by mail for 18 cts. The African Dodger Outfit is made of wood, the back end made to look like canvas, on which is painted in red letter. "Three shots for 5 cts, hit the nigger and get a cigar." Through a hole in this canvas the blackest faced nigger you ever saw now places his head. A small wooden ball is used, and if you hit the nigger you send him a firing out of the hole. It is not as easy as it looks. You can charge your friends a penny for 3 shots. (Ardee Manufacturing Company 1903, emphasis in original).

It is important to understand that these objects meant to be material culture for children were not advertised to them, but rather directly at adults.

There are also several period sources online you can browse, such as this issue of Popular Mechanics from 1910.