When waiting for someone with expertise in this field giving you a more detail answer, the short version is after WW1, the Ottoman Empire was occupied and partitioned by the allies. The war is fought between the Turkish National Movement seeking to stop the partitioning, regain independence and the allies (Bristish, French and Greek troops made up the majority of the allied force). It ended with Turkish victory, most of the Ottoman territory still became new nations or European colonies but the allies withdrew from Anatolia where the TMN establish a new government, the Republic of Turkey, which lasted until today.