How impactful were the Ten Planks of the Communist Manifesto on the implementation of governance in Communist countries of the 20th century?

by kajimeiko

In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels provided ten planks, or suggestions, as to how they thought a transitory state working from capitalism towards communism could achieve its goals. After the failure of the revolutions of 1848, Marx would later preface these suggestions by saying "no special stress" should be given them. However, it is easy to see correlations between these suggestions and how state governance in Communist* countries played out. That being said, many Marxists minimize the influence of the Manifesto as it does not represent Marx's thought in its most "mature" form. So, how much of an impact did these planks have on state governance in Communist* countries?

*By "Communist" I mean countries such as the USSR, Cuba and the People's Republic of China, which were governed by Communist parties.

The Ten Planks:

  1. Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes.
  1. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax.
  2. Abolition of all rights of inheritance.
  3. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels.
  4. Centralisation of credit in the hands of the state, by means of a national bank with State capital and an exclusive monopoly.
  5. Centralisation of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the State.
  6. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the State; the bringing into cultivation of waste-lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan.
  7. Equal liability of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture.
  8. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more equable distribution of the populace over the country.
  9. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children’s factory labour in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production, etc.

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/ch02.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Communist_Manifesto#Influence

Preface to the Manifesto:

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1848/communist-manifesto/preface.htm

corruptrevolutionary

Follow up/ clarification question:

How are Point 1 and Point 4 different from each other?