World War 2 killed so many of Russia's men that women became the majority gender. Why then is Russia still so patriarchal. If women outnumbered men then they could have used this to leverage more rights and protections for themselves.
So while I can't speak to all rights, during the war period and the immediate aftermath, there was increasing restrictions on certain things which did disproportionately affect women more than men, or benefit men at the expense of women. I have covered this in the past, talking about how these policies were intended to help lead to increased birth rates and population recovery, so that should be of interest to you I think.