Most say Columbus, some say Erik the Red, few say Piri Reis. Is it possible that Siberian Eskimo/Inuit/CorrectTerm discovered America first? People first crossed into the continent from Siberia, wouldnt Siberian inuit have been there firsr?

by CaiusGluteousMaximus
JimeDorje

The problem is in the word "discover," which carries all of its historical baggage (i.e. "the Age of Discovery") and associated persons and their cults of embodiment of nationalist (i.e. Columbus and his identification with Italian-American culture).

I'm also not sure if the correct term would be "Inuit" or "Eskimo" here. "Eskimo," is (as far as I can tell) a linguistic term used to refer to a group of (peoples associated with) languages. Similar to how we would refer to as people who speak English, German, Dutch, Danish, etc. as "Germanic" speakers. From what I've read (though it is not my area of expertise) there is no consensus on who exactly it was that made the jump from Asia to the Americas.

So if we reword your question, "Is it possible that Siberian peoples grossed into the Americas, and were thus the first people there, many years before any Europeans crossed the Atlantic?"

Then the answer is pretty unanimously, yes.

But we credit Columbus with "discovering" America because from the European perspective (from which most of English-language History is written, i.e. from the Western point of view) the Americas were "covered," i.e. hidden from view to Europeans. Columbus (or Cabot) actually DID discover the Americas for Europeans. That qualifier is important, and usually left out of the retelling.

Why Columbus is usually the one credited with discovery and not Erik the Red, the original migration, (or Piri Reis, which is a new theory to me), is because Columbus ushered in the age of the global economy. Inside of a century after Columbus' voyages, the Americas, Africa, and all parts of Asia would be tied loosely together, only to tighten as time went on leading us to the grand era of globalization today.

The Vikings, for a variety of reasons, did not have an expansive economy that linked the Americas with Europe (one of the reasons, along with climate and Christianization, that their long-term plan in the Americas ultimately failed). And while the original migration from Asia to the Americas certainly altered the course of human history as a whole, the effect on the development of societies in the "old" world was minimal at best, and went pretty much unnoticed.

Coupled with all of this is the fact that the study of History is based off of written records, and given that complex literate societies were legion in Europe at the time of Columbus' voyages, his credit is amplified, and confirmed by succcessive scribes and historians who increasingly witness the developments of the global post-discovery economy. At the time of the Vikings, literacy was concentrated in a few circles and even the very literate Vikings were not big on history and records-keeping, while during the original migration, writing might not even have been invented yet.

Hope that helps.

Searocksandtrees

Hi OP. One quick correction: Erik the Red is credited with founding the Norse settlement of Greenland, not usually included in "America" for sociopolitical if not geographic reasons. Instead it's his son Leif who is credited with leading expeditions to "America".

Anyway, /u/TheAlaskan has written a few times about contact across the Bering Strait; here's a recent post