TIL Coco Chanel and Henry Ford were sympathetic to the Nazi cause during WWII. Ford was even mentioned favorably in Hitler's manifesto. What are other examples of influential companies and/or historical figures who either had involvement or sympathies with the Third Reich that are not widely known?

by nobody99356

Excluding Volkswagen, obviously.

Note: It's my understanding that Henry Ford was extremely antisemitic, but discouraged violence against Jews. However, he was the recipient of the highest honor the Germans could give to a foreigner, which he accepted. That is my reasoning behind considering him a sympathizer. If I'm wrong, however, or if you disagree, call me out!

kieslowskifan

Henry Ford had many sins, but a lot of the flak he gets for being sympathetic to Hitler is a bit overblown. Henry Ford held more than a few abhorrent beliefs, but one of his more admirable traits was his deep commitment to pacifism and disgust at war. Therefore, Ford found Hitler's militarism and fascism's general embrace of war to be at odds with his own philosophy.

So while Ford did receive the Order of the German Eagle, he was far more low-key about it than other American recipients of the decoration such as IBM's Thomas Watson. Focusing on this decoration itself actually misses two key salient points about the Nazi relationship with American businessmen. One, the Eagle and other prestige items were a means by the Third Reich to cultivate contacts within American society that could in theory move American policy. This initiative largely failed outside of a few outliers like Lindbergh. The popularity of the Third Reich was never especially high within 1930s America and while a solid majority of American public opinion favored neutrality and non-involvement in European affairs, Germany's public stock was very low outside of a few fringes.

Secondly, the Ford's receipt of the medal did not mean American or American-owned businesses within Germany received special treatment by the Nazis. Hitler's government had enacted numerous laws and policies since assuming power that were aimed to Germanize such entities or at least bring them to heel to state directives. This meant firing of Jewish staff, hiring German managers, and keeping all profits of these entities within the Reich. American business leaders tried to play the game of cultivating contacts within the Third Reich to minimize these initiatives or to meet them half-way. This was only done with limited success, but the danger always was that the dictatorship would simply decree these concerns German property by fiat. Henry Ford's antisemitism and sympathies for Germany during World War I did not really garner Ford-Werke a favorable position within the Third Reich's economy (this answer of mine goes into some of the details more.)

As for Ford's mention in Mein Kampf, it certainly is not a distinction most people would want! But Mein Kampf's mention of Ford was limited to mentioning Ford's claim that the Jews were responsible for the First World War. As for Hitler's admiration for Ford, it was this allegedly speaking truth to Jewish power. Both Hitler and the Third Reich's relationship to Fordism though was more ambiguous. The assembly line and the cult of mass production pioneered by Ford was something very much attune with the scientific-mindedness of the Third Reich. The KdF-Wagen was very much a state-sponsored imitation of Ford's ideal of a car for the everyman. Yet German business culture often viewed Fordism with alarm as the assembly line and its anonymity. Evan as German industrial firms grew ever larger, there still was a strong attachment to ideas of craftsmanship and qualität. The NSDAP's own appeals to workers often stressed bringing back the dignity of work to the German proletariat. Propaganda materials directed to factory workers stressed they were not cogs in a machine but rather skilled artisans producing products of German ingenuity, all of which the state enabled. Although reality was much different than rhetoric, the Nazi approach to Fordism was it wanted its efficiencies without its social costs. This was a similar to the selective adaptation of Ford's ideals by the Soviets. While Lenin and company certainly looked at both Fordism and its cousin Taylorism as a capitalist tool to enslave the proletariat to productivity, they did see both as efficient methods to enable the USSR's rapid industrialization. Fordist-style management became one of the major hallmarks of the Soviet factory and while the state disparaged its capitalist origins, the logic of the system received state approval. Soviet factories still ran along Fordist lines even through the end of the USSR even as Western manufacturing began to follow different management models.

LadyMirkwood

There was a section of upper class British society that had 'sympathy' for the Third Reich through the 1930s and up to the outbreak of WW2.

Most notable were Diana and Unity Mitford, daughters of the 2nd Baron of Redesdale. Diana was married to Oswald Moseley, leader of the British Union of Facists, and both were incarcerated during the war because of their relationship with Hitler.

Unity was said by some to be in love with Hitler, and while there's no solid proof for this, she was very admiring of him and Nazi Germany. At the outbreak of war, she became so distressed by the idea of it that she attempted suicide in Munich by pistol. She survived, but wounded and Hitler paid some of her medical bills and visited her frequently while she recuperated.

In other circles, prior to 1939, von Ribbentrop was frequently a guest of society hostesses such as Lady Greville, Lady Londonderry and Lady Astor. Though there was some anti-semitism and approval of Hitler at this time, once the war started, these opinions and previous friendships were swept under the carpet for fear of embarrassment.

Also worth noting are Edward VIII and Wallis Simpson. Not only did they socialise with all the parties previously mentioned, but were themselves suspected of close ties to Hitler, after visits to Germany and photographs appearing to show him giving a Nazi salute. There is a lot of conjecture as to whether Edward was a true believer or just a useful idiot for the regime.

Ref: Queen Bees by Sian Evans Letters between Six Sisters by Charlotte Moseley A Life of Contrasts by Diana Moseley The Long Weekend by Adrian Tinniswood