Here in NZ there were two close shaves with prohibition in 1911 and in 1919. The 1911 referendum required a 60% majority to pass and garnered a vote of 55.8%. In 1919 the threshold was lowered to 50%, and resulted in a 49% prohitibition vote. The prohibitionists' loss is mostly attributed to soldiers returning from the war who were fairly keen on being able to drink. New Zealand, being an agricultural nation, had a lot of pubs and hotels which served as the centres of small communities and those who were working on farms were generally opposed to that changing. There was however a 6pm pub closing law that hung around until the 60s, which had its own binge drinking implications. After the debacle that was prohibition in the US, New Zealand's movement lost steam, though there were referendums held in conjunction with the general elections until the 80s.

Not a historian, but I might be able to provide a perspective on Germany's handling of what was called the "Branntweinpest" (word-by-word translation: burned wine disease, Branntwein is formal term for liquor/spirits in German).

During the 19th century, liquor consumption skyrocketed. It is worth knowing, that destillation is kind a relatively high-tech process and the arrival of the liquor epidemic might have been due to enhanced and cheaper liquor production capabilities (Jean Baptiste Cellier-Blumenthal, 1768–1840, invented the fractionating column for example, enabling continuous liquor production). Thus industrialization of the liquor production enabled widespread drinking. Also liquore made from potatoes became a thing [1], and further made liquore production cheaper. Pauperization might have also played a role.

Prussia consumed 2-3 liters of (pure) alcohol ~ 1800 per year per person, in 1830 already 8 liters per year per person. In 1887 the introduction of a liquor tax doubled the price of liquor, which lead to a 40% reduction in consumption [1]. For comparison, today a 2.2 liters are consumed per capita on average in Germany [1]. This shifted consumption patterns again to beer and wine again.

I'd say that to this day, Germany has more of a beer and wine culture than a liquor culture, at least that is true for the south. I became aware of this when I lived in Canada for a year. Just before christmas holidays you'd see well-to-do women at the LCBO (liquor store) buying several bottles of expensive liquore (good Vodka, etc), presumably for the upcoming holidays. In Germany wine would be much more common for the occasion (either for drinking directly or for giving away as a present).

Since the prohibition was in the 20th century and I wrote about the 19th century, I'd like to include some information on the 20th century as well. During the first world war, alcohol production was also heavily restricted for war related reasons and this allocation was kept until roughly 1922. After that consumption rose again but never seems to have reached levels that called for a prohibition in the years between the wars. Economical problems lead to an increased taxation of alcohol in general which kept consumption down [1].

Unfortunately I do not know about the German's view of the American prohibition, but I'd speculate that Germans were too busy dealing with other problems (war reparations, militia / insurgencies, unstable governments and later economically crisis) that it wasn't widely debated.

Main reference:

My main reference is a compiled report by the central institution for political education in the state of Baden-Württemberg. Also, I am not a historian but kind of interested.

[1] Heinrich Tappe: Alkoholverbrauch in Deutschland. In: Landeszentrale für politische Bildung Baden-Württemberg (Hrsg.): Der Bürger im Staat - Nahrungskultur - Essen und Trinken im Wandel. 52. Jahrgang, Heft 4. Stuttgart 2002, S. 213–218 (Online PDF (2,4 MB)). http://www.buergerimstaat.de/4_02/Nahrungskultur.pdf

Iceland had its own prohibition, the "Bannárin" (icelandic) which existed between 1915 and 1935.

In 1908 a referendum was held and an alcohol ban was approved with 60% of the votes. In 1915 it became law and any production and selling of alcohol was forbidden. In 1922, following pressure due to fish sales to Spain, wine was allowed - this made it easier to make deals with the Spanish. Spirits and beer were still forbidden.

In 1935 alcohol was again permitted with the exception of beer. It was not until 1989 that beer was permitted again.

In 1928 the advertising of alcohol was forbidden and this remains true to this day.

Source: Bruggið og bannárin : áfengisbannið á Íslandi 1915-1935, Arnar Guðmundsson and Unnar Ingvarsson, ISBN 9979802286