Or was it just keep throwing punches until you hit something?
Fiore de Libera's Flower of Battle (1410) is one of the main sources for people who recreate Historical European Martial Arts (HEMA). While it has a lot of fencing with rapier, cloak, buckler, etc, there's a whole section on unarmed combat. Here's a link to a translation of that section, with images:
http://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Fiore_de%27i_Liberi#Grappling
kampfringen was a German form of unarmed self-defence (ringen = grappling, kampf = struggle). Hans Talhoffer's fighting manual (also the 1400s) includes a section on ringen (link: http://wiktenauer.com/wiki/Talhoffer_Fechtbuch_(Cod.icon._394a)
Just to clarify are you talking about unarmed combat or close quarters combat?