Absolutely not. Over and out.

The Roman world, at all points of its history, knew no public force of general criminal investigation or public order in the sense that we understand it. Roman courts had no public prosecutors, which meant that it was the duty of individuals to bring criminal and civil suits. Moreover, Roman law recognized only a relatively few criminal crimes, and crimes like theft were the duty of civil prosecution. No public investigative force existed whatsoever, but rather it was the duty of the afflicted party to support his case, as well as to press it. Nor did any state force of public order exist, not in the way that we mean today. In the Republic no such public force existed, period, and laws de vi were generally ineffective, and could usually only be combated by the hope of peaceful prosecution or corresponding violence from the opposition. In the Principate certain instruments of public order, particularly the Praetorians and vigiles, were formally instituted by the state, but these were not instruments of general public order. Rather they were quasi- and para-military forces intended to quell public disturbance and quash public political dissent. They existed to break up public assembly--generally illegal from Augustus on, and always viewed with great suspicion--and to put down, violently, open unrest. This was the great concern of the post-Augustan city, that public violence would break out in the city again as it had in the late Republic, and the state exercised strict control over the ability of citizens to organize and assemble in any way that might be considered subversive. Organizations such as these were the instruments of that control. Moreover, they served a further purpose of maintaining comparable permanent organizations that were attached directly to the state and its leaders. Instead of joining subversive private citizen associations, which Augustus maintained tight control over even to the point of restricting the frequency of meetings in such associations, freedmen and other members of the urban plebs and plebs media could find a place of public association in the vigiles, vici (by now firmly associated with the state, via Augustus' thorough reorganization of the city's lower administration), and other state organizations, thereby satisfying their need for social association while maintaining not only tight control over it but even enlisting it in the service of the imperial state. Public control was the purpose of what instruments of public order existed in the Roman world, not investigation or prevention of general and petty crime