First time responding to a thread on this sub-reddit, gl me!!

There are a number of crucial factors that influenced the fall of the Romanov Dynasty, so many that it's difficult to confirm which one had the greatest impact on it.

Much of the discontent began once the war broke out. Had it not done so, many historians speculate that revolution would either not have occurred, or would have occurred at a much later date. The greatest problem with the war, was that it severely damaged the workforce on the farms. Horses were requisitioned to the military, many agrarians were conscripted into the war, and food was primarily distributed to the soldiers on the front-line. This resulted in starvation in the countrysides, and would later become the direct cause of the Women's Day protest that brought upon the Tsar's fall from power.

Because of an insufficient railway system, grain would often times be left to rot at stations. All the while, people were still starving back home. The food crisis became so bad towards 1917, that a protest broke out during a Women's Day parade over bread rationing. When soldiers were authorised to shoot at the protesters, they refused, most likely because many of them would've known at least somebody who could relate to the crowds of protesters. In other words, they sympathised with their discontent. Prices had risen by roughly 200% by 1916, and with a decrease in production, it was difficult to afford enough food to survive.

Another significant influence towards the Tsar's downfall, was his poor leadership skills. It's worth noting that the Tsar himself did not see himself as a strong leader, and neither did his father, remarking that he was "girly" and thus not fit to rule. His greatest flaw was leaving the German Tsarina in charge of the country whilst he, who had little military experience, fulfilled the role of Commander-in-Chief in 1915 and went with his troops to the front line. Not only did he temporarily resign his position to enter a field that he was not fit to be in, but the fact that Russia were fighting Germany in the war meant that it was a big no-no to leave his German wife in charge. There was much speculation that she was a German spy, and her association with Rasputin only further consolidated these fears.

Rasputin was a "mad monk" who claimed to have supernatural powers. He managed to stop the Tsarina's hemophiliac son, Alexis, from bleeding, and since then had maintained a close relationship with her. Thus, it's speculated that she was having an affair with Rasputin. Despite members of the Fourth Duma writing to the Tsar addressing their concerns over Rasputin's growing desire for power, he disregarded the rising threat. Rasputin manipulated the Tsarina into bringing people into power, essentially ruling Russia behind the scenes. By the time he was assassinated, the damage had long-since been done, and the people of Russia felt betrayed and abandoned.

This led to the spreading of propaganda at a rate faster than the Secret Police could remove it. Images often depicted Rasputin with a hold over the Tsarina, which seemed to overshadow propaganda relating to Russia's glorious efforts in the war.

The war itself was a disaster, with thousands of people deserting daily. All the while, the nobility found substitutes for conscription, further reinforcing the growing Marxist ideology. There was a great shortage on weaponry, and whilst shell production had risen significantly, it was still not enough.

Lastly, there's the fact that the Tsar already had a terrible track record. The Russo-Japanese War ended in a humiliating defeat, and Bloody Sunday resulted in between 100 and 1,000 innocent deaths. Famine also occurred in 1900-1901, and the Fundamental Laws of 1906 undermined the already disappointing October Manifesto, angering political parties to the point where they refused involvement in the Dumas out of protest.

Industrialisation proved to be a double-edged sword. Despite the rapid modernisation of the country, it occurred at the expense of a four-billion ruble debt to France by 1914. It also led to French immigration and a greater freedom to move around the country, thus allowing radical ideas to spread.

Stolypin also changed the electoral laws so that the third and fourth Dumas were totally controlled by the state; only those who were zealous to the Tsar could be elected. The first two Dumas were dissolved on false suspicions of radical conspiring. Stolypin's agricultural reforms, whilst somewhat beneficial, were only taken advantage of by less than 1% of the population. Many people simply weren't interested in the Mir's reduction of power, because they'd gotten used to it; they saw no reason to fix what they didn't believe to be broken.

Conclusively, the fall of the Romanov Dynasty was motivated by the Tsar's own shortcomings. He evidently did not have what it takes to rule a country, and had little competence. However WWI also had a massive impact on the downfall of the Tsar, since prior to 1914, people were very much content. Russia had become the fifth most industrialised Western nation, and was continuing to expand. Stolypin remarked that it would take twenty years of peace for his reforms to see great result, which unfortunately didn't happen. It wasn't until the war that this gigantic surge of discontent spawned. Then there's also the issue of Rasputin. People didn't like the idea of a German, whom they were told were the enemies, and a stranger with a reputation for having sex with numerous people's wives, ruling Russia.