Why is it that the USA is so much more wealthy and economically successful than all of Central and South America even though these regions were all occupied around the same time?

I don't know enough about the economic history of the region to respond to this, but I do have a general idea of some of the potential causes, so I'll instead raise some questions for someone who does.

To what extent did the overlord's greater emphasis on settler colonialism in America north of Mexico vs wealth extraction in Mexico/Central America/South America influence the development of these places?
To what extent did the USA's acquisition of Texas, Utah, California, Colorado, Arizona, New Mexico and Nevada from Mexico influence the economic trajectory of these two countries?
The US receives many more migrants from Latin America than it loses to them. What effect has this had on the economies of the USA and Latin American nations?